{"doc_desc":{"title":"Child and Youth Services Review.","idno":"DDI-KEN-APHRC-SRGBV-2025-v01","producers":[{"name":"African Population and Health Research Center","abbreviation":"APHRC","affiliation":"","role":"Documentation of the DDI"}],"prod_date":"2026-06-26","version_statement":{"version":"Version 1.0 (June, 2026)"}},"study_desc":{"title_statement":{"idno":"DDI-KEN-APHRC-SRGBV-2025-v01","title":"Laws, Policies, and Guidelines Addressing School-Related Gender-Based Violence in Kenya: A Systematic Review","sub_title":"SR-GBV","alt_title":"N\/A"},"authoring_entity":[{"name":"Lucy A. Wakiaga,","affiliation":"African Population and Health Research Center"}],"production_statement":{"producers":[{"name":"Mchungwani Rashida","affiliation":"African Population and Health Research Center","role":"Co-authors:"},{"name":"Benta Abuya","affiliation":"African Population and Health Research Center","role":"Co-authors:"},{"name":"Naomi Langata","affiliation":"African Population and Health Research Center","role":"Co-authors:"},{"name":"Ruth Nanjekho Wafubwa","affiliation":"African Population and Health Research Center","role":"Co-authors:"},{"name":"Amani Karisa","affiliation":"African Population and Health Research Center","role":"Co-authors:"},{"name":"Nelson Muhia","affiliation":"African Population and Health Research Center","role":"Co-authors:"}],"copyright":"Copyright \u00a9 APHRC, 2026","funding_agencies":[{"name":"Spencer Foundation","abbreviation":"","role":"Funder"}]},"series_statement":{"series_name":"Administrative Records, Education (ad\/edu]","series_info":"N\/A"},"version_statement":{"version_date":"2026-06-26","version_notes":"N\/A"},"study_info":{"keywords":[{"keyword":"School-related gender-based violence prevention","vocab":"","uri":""},{"keyword":"Kenya","vocab":"","uri":""},{"keyword":"Education policy implementation","vocab":"","uri":""},{"keyword":"Child protection","vocab":"","uri":""}],"abstract":"Laws, Policies, and Guidelines Addressing School-Related Gender-Based Violence in Kenya:\nA Systematic Review\nABSTRACT\nSchool-Related Gender-Based Violence (SRGBV) affects millions of children globally, with nearly half of Kenyan adolescents experiencing physical violence and many facing sexual or emotional abuse. Despite an increasingly robust legal and policy framework, SRGBV remains prevalent in Kenyan schools, highlighting persistent implementation challenges. This systematic review analyzed 43 policy and legal documents using the SOCT framework and Sabatier and Mazmanian's policy implementation model. Findings show that Kenya has developed a comprehensive SRGBV policy architecture encompassing constitutional protections, sector laws, operational guidelines, and multi-sectoral frameworks. Implementation is supported by whole-school approaches, teacher training, and partnerships but constrained by inadequate resources, weak reporting systems, fragmented coordination, and socio-cultural norms. Strengthening SRGBV prevention requires consolidating existing policies, improving implementation, ensuring equitable resourcing, and enhancing evidence-to-policy feedback mechanisms.\n\nKeywords: school-related gender-based violence prevention; Kenya; education policy implementation; child protection","coll_dates":[{"start":"2025-08-22","end":"2026-01-27","cycle":""}],"nation":[{"name":"Kenya","abbreviation":"KEN"}],"geog_coverage":"National","analysis_unit":"Institutional policies on School-Related Gender-Based Violence in Kenya\nLaws, Policies, and Guidelines Addressing School-Related Gender-Based Violence in Kenya","universe":"Laws, Policies, and Guidelines Addressing School-Related Gender-Based Violence in Kenya","notes":"The paper addresses the problem of persistent prevalence of school-related gender-based\nviolence in Kenyan schools in spite of an increasingly robust legal and policy framework,\nhighlighting persistent implementation challenges. School-Related Gender-Based Violence\n(SRGBV) remains one of the most pervasive threats to adolescent wellbeing globally, with an\nestimated 246 million children experiencing violence in or around schools each year.","study_scope":"The paper addresses the problem of persistent prevalence of school-related gender-based\nviolence in Kenyan schools in spite of an increasingly robust legal and policy framework,\nhighlighting persistent implementation challenges. School-Related Gender-Based Violence\n(SRGBV) remains one of the most pervasive threats to adolescent wellbeing globally, with an\nestimated 246 million children experiencing violence in or around schools each year."},"method":{"data_collection":{"sampling_procedure":"Table 1. SOCT Framework for Determining Document Eligibility\nDimension\tInclusion Criteria\tExclusion Criteria\t\nSubject\tOfficial measures (policies, laws, bills, SOPs, guidelines) related to SRGBV prevention or response.\tDocuments addressing general violence not specific to GBV in schools, or focused on individual projects rather than formal policy frameworks.\t\nObjectives\tMaterials describing or providing guidance on SRGBV prevention, response, and reporting within primary and secondary education in Kenya.\tDocuments that analyze or critique SRGBV programs without referencing formal policy or procedural guidance.\t\nCoverage\tPublications focused on Kenya at national or subnational level (county or school-level), 1963 to present.\tDocuments focused on pre-primary or tertiary settings, or countries outside Kenya.\t\nType of Sources\tGovernment documents, legislative publications, policy reports, peer-reviewed articles, institutional reports, and credible organization blogs.\tNon-retrievable, non-official, or non-credible materials (editorials, letters, commentaries, publications without full-text access).","sampling_deviation":"N\/A","coll_mode":"Internet [int]","research_instrument":"Web scrapping","act_min":"The work was led by the Principal Investigator with a clear inclusion and exclusion criteria","weight":"N\/A","cleaning_operations":"The work was led by the Principal Investigator with a clear inclusion and exclusion criteria","method_notes":"N\/A"},"analysis_info":{"response_rate":"100%","sampling_error_estimates":"N\/A"}},"data_access":{"dataset_use":{"contact":[{"name":"African Population and Health Research Center","affiliation":"","email":"datarequest@aphrc.org","uri":"www.aphrc.org"}],"cit_req":"Use of the dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include:\n- the Identification of the Primary Investigator\n- the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation)\n- the survey reference number\n- the source and date of download","deposit_req":"N\/A","conditions":"Conditions\nAPHRC data access condition\n\nAll non-APHRC staff seeking to use data generated at the Center must obtain written approval to use the data from the Director of Research.\nThis form is developed to assess applications for data use and facilitate responsible sharing of data with external partners\/collaborators\/researchers. By entering into this agreement, the undersigned agrees to use these data only for the purpose for which they were obtained and to abide by the conditions outlined below:\n\n1.Data Ownership:\nThe data remain the property of APHRC; any unauthorized reproduction and sharing of the data is strictly prohibited. The user will, therefore, not release nor permit others to use or release the data to any other person without the written authorization from the Center.\n\n2.Purpose:\nThe provided data must be used for the purpose specified in the Data Request Form; any other use not specified in the form must receive additional or separate authorization.\n\n3.Respondent Identifiers:\nThe Center is committed to protecting the identity of the respondents who provide information in its research. All analytical data sets (both qualitative and quantitative) released by the Data Unit MUST are stripped of respondent identifiers to protect the identity of the respondents. By accepting to use APHRC data, the user is pledging that he\/she will not, under any circumstance, regenerate the identifiers or permit others to use the data to learn the identity of any individual, household or community included in any data set.\n\n4.Confidentiality pledge:\nThe user will not use nor permit others to use the data to report any information in the data sets that could identify, directly or by inference, individuals or households.\n\n5.Reporting of errors or inconsistencies:\nThe user will promptly notify the Head of the Statistics and Survey Unit any errors discovered in the data as soon as the errors are discovered.\n\n6.Publications resulting from APHRC data:\nThe Center requires external collaborators to work with APHRC staff on all publications resulting from its data. In order to facilitate this, lead authors should send a detailed concept note of the paper (including the background, rationale, data, analytical methods, and preliminary findings) to the Principle Investigator (or Theme Leader) for the project (with a copy to the Director of Research), who will circulate the abstract to concerned researchers for possible expression of interest in participating in the publication as co-authors. Any exception to the involvement of APHRC staff should be approved by the Director of Research, APHRC.\n\n7.Security:\nThe user will take responsibility for the security of the data by ensuring that the data are used and stored in a secure environment where access is password protected. This will ensure that non-authorized people should not have access to the data.\n\n8.Loss of privilege to use data:\nIn the event that APHRC determines that the data user is in violation of the conditions for using the data, or if the user wishes to cancel this agreement, the user will destroy the data files provided to him\/her. APHRC retains the right to revoke this agreement or informs publishers to withhold publication of any work based wholly or in part on its data if the conditions for using the data are violated.\n\n9.Acknowledgement:\nAny work\/reports from this data must acknowledge APHRC as the source of these data. For example, the suggested acknowledgement for NUHDSS data is:\n\"This research uses livelihoods data collected under the longitudinal Nairobi Urban Health and Demographic Surveillance System (NUHDSS) since 2006. The NUHDSS is carried out by the African Population and Health Research Center in two slums settlements (Korogocho and Viwandani) in Nairobi City.\"Additionally all funders, the study communities that provided the data, and staff who collected and analyzed or processed the data should be acknowledged.\n\n10.Deposit of Reports\/Papers:\nThe user should submit electronic and paper copies of all publications generated using APHRC data to the Policy Engagement and Communications Department, with copies to the Director of Research.\n\n11.Change of contact details:\nThe user will promptly inform the Director of Research of any change in your personal details as contained on this data request form.","disclaimer":"The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses."}}}}