{"doc_desc":{"title":"PAMANECH","idno":"APHRC-PAMANECH-2014-1.0","producers":[{"name":"African Population and Health Research Center","abbreviation":"APHRC","affiliation":"APHRC","role":"Metadata Producer"}],"prod_date":"2014-11-21","version_statement":{"version":"Version 1.0"}},"study_desc":{"title_statement":{"idno":"APHRC-PAMANECH-2014-1.0","title":"Partnership for Maternal, Newborn and Child Health Project","alt_title":"PAMANECH"},"authoring_entity":[{"name":"African Population and Health Research Center","affiliation":"APHRC"},{"name":"","affiliation":""},{"name":"","affiliation":""},{"name":"","affiliation":""},{"name":"","affiliation":""},{"name":"","affiliation":""}],"oth_id":[{"name":"Viwandani and Korogocho residents","affiliation":"NHUDSS","email":"","role":"Support and participation in the research"},{"name":"Remare Ettarh, A.K. Ziraba, and Frederick Wekesa","affiliation":"African Population and Health Research Center","email":"","role":"Developing study protocol"},{"name":"William & Flora Hewlett Foundation and the Swedish International Development Agency","affiliation":"","email":"","role":"Core support to APHRC"}],"production_statement":{"producers":[{"name":"Catherine Kyobutungi","affiliation":"African Population and Health Research Center","role":"Primary Investigator"},{"name":"Pauline Bakibinga","affiliation":"African Population and Health Research Center","role":"Co-Investigator"},{"name":"Eva Kamande","affiliation":"African Population and Health Research Center","role":"Co-Investigator"},{"name":"Nicholas Ngomi","affiliation":"African Population and Health Research Center","role":"Co-Investigator"},{"name":"Jane Osindo","affiliation":"African Population and Health Research Center","role":"Co-Investigator"},{"name":"Thaddaeus Egondi","affiliation":"African Population and Health Research Center","role":"Data analyst"}],"copyright":"\u00a9 APHRC, 2015","funding_agencies":[{"name":"Comic Relief, UK, through a Department for International Development (DFID)","abbreviation":"","role":"Funder"}],"grant_no":"GR002-12547"},"series_statement":{"series_name":"Other Household Health Survey [hh\/hea]","series_info":"The baseline survey"},"version_statement":{"version_date":"2013-10","version_notes":"Version 1.0 with anonymised baseline data and questionnaires"},"holdings":[{"text":"","location":"","callno":"","uri":"doi:11239\/176-2014-025-1.0"}],"study_info":{"keywords":[{"keyword":"Public-Private Partnerships","vocab":"","uri":""},{"keyword":"Maternal","vocab":"","uri":""},{"keyword":"Newborn","vocab":"","uri":""},{"keyword":"Child Health","vocab":"","uri":""},{"keyword":"Slums","vocab":"","uri":""},{"keyword":"Kenya","vocab":"","uri":""}],"abstract":"Introduction; \n\nRapid urbanization in Kenya has resulted in growth of slums in urban centres, characterised by poverty, inadequate social services and poor health outcomes. The government's initiatives to improve access to quality health care for mothers and children are largely limited to public health facilities which are few and\/or inaccessible in underserved areas like the slums. The 'Partnership for Maternal, Newborn and Child Health' (PAMANECH) project is being implemented in two Nairobi slums, Viwandani and Korogocho to assess the impact of strengthening public-private partnerships for the delivery of health care on the health of mothers, newborns and young children in two informal settlements in Kenya. \n\nMethods and analysis; \n\nA quasi-experimental study. Our approach is to support both private and public health providers and the community to enhance access to, and demand for quality health care services. Key activities include; infrastructural upgrade of selected Private Not-For-Profit health facilities operating in the two slums, building capacity for both health care providers and the Health Management Teams in Nairobi, facilitating provision of supportive supervision by the local health authorities and forming networks of Community Health Volunteers (CHVs) to create demand for the health services. To assess the impact of the intervention, the study is utilising multiple data sources using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods.  A baseline survey was conducted in 2013 and an end line survey will be conducted at least one year after full implementation of the intervention. Systematic monitoring and documentation of the intervention is on-going to strengthen the case for causal inference. \n\nEthics and dissemination. \n\nEthical approval for the study was obtained from the Kenya Medical Research Institute. Key messages from the results will be packaged and widely disseminated through workshops, conference presentations, reports, factsheets and academic publications to facilitate uptake by policy makers.","coll_dates":[{"start":"2013-09-01","end":"2013-09-30","cycle":""}],"nation":[{"name":"KENYA","abbreviation":"KEN"}],"geog_coverage":"Two Nairobi urban  slums Korogocho and Viwandani","analysis_unit":"Women of reproductive age and children under-five years","universe":"The direct beneficiaries of the project are women of reproductive age and children under the age of five years in the two informal settlements who make up 20% and 14% of the population, respectively. In addition, five health facilities are being upgraded and the health care providers in the selected PNFP and other public and private health facilities benefitting from training and skills upgrade.  CHVs, the sCHMTs of the two sub-Counties where the study sites are located as well as the Nairobi County Health Management leadership are other direct beneficiaries. Residents of areas outside the NUDHSS as well as residents of the two slums who are male and\/or older than 5 years but less than 15 years and\/or older than 50 years are the indirect beneficiaries.","notes":"The scope of the baseline survey was as follows ;\n\n\n\n1.\tCare seeking practices for childhood illness, child death and preventive services such as vaccination for children. \n\n2.\tCare seeking practices for women of reproductive age for preventive and curative services including family planning, antenatal care, delivery, pregnancy outcomes, postnatal care , referral services\n\n3.\tBreast feeding practices including initiation of breastfeeding within an hour of birth, exclusive breastfeeding and introduction of complimentary feeds  \n\n4.\tReferral patterns (frequency, timing and success rate) for obstetric and childhood illness emergencies\n\n5.\tKnowledge of sexual transmitted infections\n\n6.\tQuality and attitude towards health care services \n\n7.\tMale involvement in maternal and child health\n\n8.\tInteractions with Community Health Workers","study_scope":"The scope of the baseline survey was as follows ;\n\n\n\n1.\tCare seeking practices for childhood illness, child death and preventive services such as vaccination for children. \n\n2.\tCare seeking practices for women of reproductive age for preventive and curative services including family planning, antenatal care, delivery, pregnancy outcomes, postnatal care , referral services\n\n3.\tBreast feeding practices including initiation of breastfeeding within an hour of birth, exclusive breastfeeding and introduction of complimentary feeds  \n\n4.\tReferral patterns (frequency, timing and success rate) for obstetric and childhood illness emergencies\n\n5.\tKnowledge of sexual transmitted infections\n\n6.\tQuality and attitude towards health care services \n\n7.\tMale involvement in maternal and child health\n\n8.\tInteractions with Community Health Workers"},"method":{"data_collection":{"sampling_procedure":"Sampling procedure was for primary units. Random numbers were generated to select women of reproductive age (12 to 49 years) and children under 5 years from the most up-to-date Nairobi Urban Health and Demographic Surveillance System (NUHDSS) database. The sampling frame was restricted to those households that have individuals within the two study populations.","sampling_deviation":"None","coll_mode":"Face-to-face [f2f]","research_instrument":"The women questionnaire was administered to women aged 12 - 49. The questionnaire included;\n\n\u00b7  Respondents background characteristics\n\n\u00b7  Care seeking behavior -Family planning services and knowledge, Ante Natal Care, Delivery, Post- Natal Care, \n\n\u00b7  Referral patterns\n\n\u00b7  Quality of health care facilities and interaction with Community Health Workers\n\n\u00b7  Child morbidity and Mortality\n\n\u00b7  Breastfeeding - Early initiation, breastfeeding knowledge, attitude and practice\n\n\u00b7\tHIV and AIDs, and other STIs \n\nThe child questionnaire was for children under 5 years age and it was administered to parents or guardians of the children. This questionnaire included;\n\n\u00b7\tBackground characteristics of respondent, \n\n\u00b7\tCare seeking behavior including vaccination, \n\n\u00b7\tChild morbidity and mortality.\n\nBoth questionnaires were administered in Kiswahili.","act_min":"Supervision was done by a supervision team that consisted of the project team research assistants and the field team leaders. Supervision was done in the following way;\n\n1. Spot Checks\n\nThe team leaders would conduct spot check for each of the field workers in their team. The checks were done by random selection of completed interviews and during these checks the supervision team would visit the selected households to confirm whether they had been visited and interviewed by the field team. The research assistance would also randomly select completed interviews checks done by the team leaders to confirm that the data collected to confirm the same.\n\n2. Sit ins\n\nWere also done and this involved the supervision teams accompanying the field interviewers and \u201csitting in\u201d during interviews. \n\nThe spot checks and 'sit ins\u201d were done 3 times a week by the team leaders and twice a week by the research assistance.\n\n\n\nTo minimize errors and also prevent falsification, the team supervisors edited data collected. They only synchronized the completed data, those that had issues to be verified were brought to the attention of the field interviewer and if verification was required the field interviewer would revisit the respondent.\n\nTo minimize errors, each team leader had a maximum of 5 field interviewers.\n\n\n\nTo prevent data lose, data was backed up on the net book and external hard disc, although synchronization had numerous issues and some of our data may have been affected.","weight":"No weighting","cleaning_operations":"Data were colleted using Netbooks with inbuilt consistency checks and was synced to the central server at the office for back up. Project data analyst performed post-data collection consistency checks and labelling of variables."},"analysis_info":{"response_rate":"Total number of women interviewed were 849\n\nTotal number of interviews for children under 5 years were 975\n\nResponse rate: 100%"}},"data_access":{"dataset_use":{"contact":[{"name":"Head Statistics and Survey Unit","affiliation":"African Population and Health Research Center","email":"info@aphrc.org","uri":""}],"cit_req":"African Population and Health Research Center, Partnership for Maternal, Newborn and Child Health Project, November 2014. APHRC, Nairobi, Kenya. doi:11239\/176-2014-025-1.0","deposit_req":"The user should submit electronic and paper copies of all publications generated using APHRC data to the Policy Engagement and Communications Department, with copies to the Director of Research.","conditions":"All non-APHRC staff seeking to use data generated at the Center must obtain written approval to use the data from the Director of Research. This form is developed to assess applications for data use and facilitate responsible sharing of data with external partners\/collaborators\/researchers. By entering into this agreement, the undersigned agrees to use these data only for the purpose for which they were obtained (as outlined on this form) and to abide by the conditions outlined below:\n\n1.\tData Ownership: The data remain the property of APHRC; any unauthorized reproduction and sharing of the data is strictly prohibited. The user will, therefore, not release nor permit others to use or release the data to any other person without the written authorization from the Center.\n\n2.\tPurpose: The provided data must be used for the purpose specified in the Data Request Form; any other use not specified in the form must receive additional or separate authorization.\n\n3.\tRespondent Identifiers: The Center is committed to protecting the identity of the respondents who provide information in its research. All analytical data sets (both qualitative and quantitative) released by the Data Unit MUST are stripped of respondent identifiers to protect the identity of the respondents. By accepting to use APHRC data, the user is pledging that he\/she will not, under any circumstance, regenerate the identifiers or permit others to use the data to learn the identity of any individual, household or community included in any data set.\n\n4.\tConfidentiality pledge: The user will not use nor permit others to use the data to report any information in the data sets that could identify, directly or by inference, individuals or households.\n\n5.\tReporting of errors or inconsistencies: The user will promptly notify the Head of the Statistics and Survey Unit any errors discovered in the data as soon as the errors are discovered.\n\n6.\tPublications resulting from APHRC data: The Center requires external collaborators to work with APHRC staff on all publications resulting from its data. In order to facilitate this, lead authors should send a detailed concept note of the paper (including the background, rationale, data, analytical methods, and preliminary findings) to the Principle Investigator (or Theme Leader) for the project (with a copy to the Director of Research), who will circulate the abstract to concerned researchers for possible expression of interest in participating in the publication as co-authors. Any exception to the involvement of APHRC staff should be approved by the Director of Research, APHRC.\n\n7.\tSecurity: The user will take responsibility for the security of the data by ensuring that the data are used and stored in a secure environment where access is password protected. This will ensure that non-authorized people should not have access to the data.\n\n8.\tLoss of privilege to use data: In the event that APHRC determines that the data user is in violation of the conditions for using the data, or if the user wishes to cancel this agreement, the user will destroy the data files provided to him\/her. APHRC retains the right to revoke this agreement or informs publishers to withhold publication of any work based wholly or in part on its data if the conditions for using the data are violated.\n\n9.\tAcknowledgement: Any work\/reports from this data must acknowledge APHRC as the source of these data. For example, the suggested acknowledgement for NUHDSS data is: \n\n\"This research uses livelihoods data collected under the longitudinal Nairobi Urban Health and Demographic Surveillance System (NUHDSS) since 2006. The NUHDSS is carried out by the African Population and Health Research Center in two slums settlements (Korogocho and Viwandani) in Nairobi City.\"\n\nAdditionally all funders, the study communities that provided the data, and staff who collected and analyzed or processed the data should be acknowledged.\n\n10.\tDeposit of Reports\/Papers: The user should submit electronic and paper copies of all publications generated using APHRC data to the Policy Engagement and Communications Department, with copies to the Director of Research.\n\n11.\tChange of contact details: The user will promptly inform the Director of Research of any change in your personal details as contained on this data request form.","disclaimer":"The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses."}}}}