{"doc_desc":{"title":"INDEPTH Vaccination Project","idno":"APHRC-IVP-2010-v1.01","producers":[{"name":"African Population and Health Research Center","abbreviation":"APHRC","affiliation":"APHRC","role":"Metadata Producer"}],"prod_date":"2014-12-19","version_statement":{"version":"Version 1.1 (February 2015)."}},"study_desc":{"title_statement":{"idno":"APHRC-IVP-2010-v1.01","title":"Monitoring and assessing the impact of vaccinations and other childhood interventions for both boys and girls","alt_title":"IVP 2010-2014"},"authoring_entity":[{"name":"African Population and Health Research Center","affiliation":"APHRC"}],"oth_id":[{"name":"Residents of Korogocho and Viwandani Slums","affiliation":"","email":"","role":"Study Subjects"},{"name":"Bandim Health Project","affiliation":"","email":"","role":"Collaborator"},{"name":"Peter Aaby","affiliation":"Bandim Health Project","email":"","role":"PI"}],"production_statement":{"producers":[{"name":"Dr Peter Aaby","affiliation":"Bandim Health Project","role":"Primary Investigator"},{"name":"Dr Catherine Kyobutungi","affiliation":"APHRC","role":"Co-Investigator"},{"name":"Dr Elizabeth Kimani","affiliation":"APHRC","role":"Co-Investigator"}],"copyright":"\u00a9 APHRC, 2015","prod_date":"2011-03-24","funding_agencies":[{"name":"DANISH INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT AGENCY","abbreviation":"DANIDA","role":"Funder"}],"grant_no":"09-105SSI"},"distribution_statement":{"contact":[{"name":"Head, Data Unit","affiliation":"African Population & Health Research Center","email":"info@aphrc.org","uri":"www.aphrc.org"}],"depositor":[{"name":"","abbreviation":"","affiliation":""}]},"series_statement":{"series_name":"Maternal and child health survey","series_info":"The INDEPTH vaccination project is a continuation of the Maternal and Child health Survey conducted between 2007 and 2010.  The project recrutes all children born in the NUHDSS since January 2010 together with their mothers.  Households with eligible mother-child pair were visited every four months collecting information on the their health status.  The study tools heavily borrowed from the earlier MCH study with more emphasis on the routine childhood vaccinations details."},"version_statement":{"version_date":"2014-12-19","version_notes":"Version 1.0: Edited, anonymous dataset for Data Documentation Working Group\n\n\n\nVersion 1.1 (February 2015): This version has additional surveys conducted in 2014. Datasets edidted, anonymised and study materials added."},"holdings":[{"text":"","location":"","callno":"","uri":"doi:10.20369\/aphrc-028:2014.1.01"}],"study_info":{"keywords":[{"keyword":"Maternal Health","vocab":"","uri":""},{"keyword":"Child Health","vocab":"","uri":""},{"keyword":"Routine Vaccination","vocab":"","uri":""},{"keyword":"Childhood intervention","vocab":"","uri":""}],"abstract":"OBJECTIVE \n\nThe overall objective is to assure evidence-based policies for vaccine and preventive drug delivery in low-income countries (LIC) in order to reduce child morbidity and mortality. \n\nHypotheses: Current practice is to consider health issues as independent problems - e.g. TB, malaria, HIV, measles, rotavirus diarrhoea, vitamin A or iron deficiency - that can be solved with specific interventions which have separate and additive effects. However, our interventions in childhood may have a more general impact on the immune system with far-reaching consequences for survival - the so-called non-specific effects (NSE)1,2. These NSE often differ for boys and girls. Taking the non-specific and sex-differential effects of vaccines and micronutrients into consideration in the planning of health intervention policies could contribute importantly to better child health. \n\n\n\nBACKGROUND\n\nBoth observational studies and randomised clinical trials (RCT) conducted by the Bandim Health Project (BHP) group in West Africa have shown consistently that the main childhood interventions with vaccines and micronutrients used by the international health community have NSE, i.e. effects which are not explained by the prevention of the targeted infection or deficiency. These effects are often sex-differential2-7. The effects can be major; high-titre measles vaccine (HTMV) was associated with 2-fold higher mortality for girls2, and providing BCG at birth halved neonatal mortality among low-birth-weight (LBW) children. WHO recommends schedules for delivery of vaccines and micronutrients. These schedules are often not followed. Many children receive vaccines out-of-sequence; e.g. BCG simultaneously with diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine (DTP), DTP with measles vaccine (MV), or DTP after MV. Such variations have very different NSE on overall mortality8-11 though it has not yet been recognised. \n\n\n\nRELEVANCE\n\nThe implication of NSE is that interventions ought to be monitored or tested for their overall effect on mortality in different environments. Hence, more data on NSE in other environments are needed. For this to happen, we need more study sites and researchers involved in such research. The present proposal will train a small network of young scientists in monitoring and assessing the NSE of vaccines and other interventions. In the initial phase, monitoring systems will be set up at six Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) sites within the INDEPTH Network. Risk factors for delay in uptake of childhood interventions will be examined with emphasis on possible differences between boys and girls. We will examine the causes of out-of-sequence vaccinations. The impact of major variations in implementation will be examined. If NSE are similar in other LICs, the effect on child survival is expected to be very large. In a longer perspective, we will therefore train the sites in implementing trials assessing potential variations in policy. In conclusion, the proposal will establish a research training network in order to provide better evidence-based policies for delivery of vaccines and other health interventions in LIC. \n\n\n\nMETHODS\n\n\u2022\tThe project follows up all children born in the DSS area since September 2010 and their mothers, for a period of 3 years (Jan 2011 - Dec 2013)\n\n\u2022\tWe administer structured questionnaires to the eligible children's mothers or their guardians to collect information on morbidity, health seeking behavior, cause of death (for those who have died)\n\n\u2022\tWe collect anthropometric measurements from all children every round to monitor nutritional status and growth  \n\n\u2022\tThrough the NUHDSS, we collect socioeconomic, demographic, migration and pregnancy outcome data for all the mothers and their households\n\n\n\nDATA COLLECTED\n\n\u2022\tBackground characteristics\n\n\u2022\tAntenatal care, delivery and post natal care\n\n\u2022\tBirth histories for the mothers \n\n\u2022\tChild's vital health Status\n\n\u2022\tBreastfeeding and child feeding practices\n\n\u2022\tAnthropometric measurements for children\n\n\u2022\tDetailed Vaccination history of the child\n\n\u2022\tChild morbidity and health seeking practices","coll_dates":[{"start":"2011-03-01","end":"2014-07-31","cycle":"1"},{"start":"2011-08-19","end":"2012-01-31","cycle":"2"},{"start":"2012-02-01","end":"2012-05-12","cycle":"3"},{"start":"2012-05-14","end":"2012-10-15","cycle":"4"},{"start":"2012-10-15","end":"2013-01-30","cycle":"5"},{"start":"2013-04-24","end":"2013-08-31","cycle":"6"},{"start":"2013-09-02","end":"2013-12-03","cycle":"7"},{"start":"2013-12-04","end":"2014-04-30","cycle":"8"}],"nation":[{"name":"KENYA","abbreviation":"KEN"}],"geog_coverage":"Two urban informal settlements, Korogocho and Viwandani, in Nairobi City (the capital city) of Kenya.","analysis_unit":"The unit of analysis is the Child","universe":"The survey covered all mothers who gave birth from september 2010 in the Demographic Surveillance Area","data_kind":"Sample survey data [ssd]","notes":"The scope of the Survey includes:\n\n\u2022\tBackground characteristics\n\n\u2022\tAntenatal care, delivery and post natal care\n\n\u2022\tBirth histories for the mothers \n\n\u2022\tChild's vital health Status\n\n\u2022\tBreastfeeding and child feeding practices\n\n\u2022\tAnthropometric measurements for children\n\n\u2022\tVaccination history\n\n\u2022\tChild morbidity and health seeking practices \n\n\u2022\tPost partum sexual activity \n\n\u2022\tPostpartum contraceptive use","study_scope":"The scope of the Survey includes:\n\n\u2022\tBackground characteristics\n\n\u2022\tAntenatal care, delivery and post natal care\n\n\u2022\tBirth histories for the mothers \n\n\u2022\tChild's vital health Status\n\n\u2022\tBreastfeeding and child feeding practices\n\n\u2022\tAnthropometric measurements for children\n\n\u2022\tVaccination history\n\n\u2022\tChild morbidity and health seeking practices \n\n\u2022\tPost partum sexual activity \n\n\u2022\tPostpartum contraceptive use"},"method":{"data_collection":{"time_method":"2011 - 2013","data_collectors":[{"name":"African Population & Health Research Center","abbreviation":"APHRC","affiliation":""}],"sampling_procedure":"All NUHDSS female members who gave birth since September 2010 and their children were enrolled in the study. No samples were drawn.","coll_mode":"Face-to-face [f2f]","research_instrument":"DATA COLLECTION\n\n\n\nOnce recruited into the study, the mother and child are followed up approximately every 4 months\n\n\n\nQUESTIONNAIRES\n\n\n\nA recruitment questionnaire is administered during the first visit, an update 1 questionnaire is administered during the first follow up visit, update 2 during the second follow up visit and so on. the content of the questionnaires keep changing from recruitment questionnaire to the subsequent follow up visits. but from update 3 onward the questionnaires are the same as documented below;\n\n\n\nRECRUITMENT (First Visit)\n\n\n\nData Collected\n\n\n\n\u2022\tConsent\n\n\u2022\tBackground characteristics\n\n\u2022\tAntenatal care, delivery and post natal care\n\n\u2022\tBirth histories for the mothers \n\n\u2022\tChild's vital health Status\n\n\u2022\tBreastfeeding and child feeding practices\n\n\u2022\tAnthropometric measurements for mother and child \n\n\u2022\tVaccination history\n\n\u2022\tChild morbidity and health seeking practices \n\n\u2022\tPost partum sexual activity \n\n\u2022\tPostpartum contraceptive use\n\n\u2022\tFuture intentions\n\n\u2022\tPerception of HIV risk and condom use\n\n\u2022\tMigration and poverty\n\n\u2022\tExposure calendar\n\n\n\nUPDATE 1 (Second Visit)\n\n\n\nData Collected (comparing update 1 to recruitment questionnaires)\n\n\n\n\u2022\tConsent (same)\n\n\u2022\tBackground characteristics (same)\n\n\u2022\tOBA voucher questions (new questions added)\n\n\u2022\tChild's vital health Status (question 4.10 dropped)\n\n\u2022\tBreastfeeding and child feeding practices\n\n\u2022\tAnthropometric measurements for mother and child (same)\n\n\u2022\tVaccination history (same)\n\n\u2022\tChild morbidity and health seeking practices  (same)\n\n\u2022\tPost partum sexual activity (question 8.1p added, questions 8.2 dropped)\n\n\u2022\tPostpartum contraceptive use (questions 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.7p, 9.8, 9.9, 9.10 dropped)\n\n\u2022\tFuture intentions (only question 10.6 remained)\n\n\u2022\tPerception of HIV risk and condom use (only questions 11.8, 11.9 remains)\n\n\u2022\tExposure calendar (same)\n\n\u2022\tMigration and poverty (questions 15.1, 15.2, 15.3 dropped)\n\n\n\n\n\nUPDATE 2 (Third Visit)\n\n\n\nData Collected (comparing update 2 to update 1 questionnaires)\n\n\n\n\u2022\tConsent (same)\n\n\u2022\tBackground characteristics (same)\n\n\u2022\tOBA voucher questions (dropped)\n\n\u2022\tChild's vital health Status (same)\n\n\u2022\tBreastfeeding and child feeding practices (questions 5.18, 5.19 dropped)\n\n\u2022\tAnthropometric measurements for mother and child (same)\n\n\u2022\tVaccination history (same)\n\n\u2022\tChild morbidity and health seeking practices  (same)\n\n\u2022\tPost partum sexual activity (same)\n\n\u2022\tPostpartum contraceptive use (same)\n\n\u2022\tFuture intentions (same)\n\n\u2022\tPerception of HIV risk and condom use (same)\n\n\u2022\tExposure calendar (same)\n\n\u2022\tMigration and poverty (same)\n\n\n\n\n\nUPDATE 3 (Fourth Visit)\n\n\n\nData Collected (comparing update 3 to update 2 questionnaires)\n\n\n\n\u2022\tConsent (same)\n\n\u2022\tBackground characteristics (same)\n\n\u2022\tChild's vital health Status (same)\n\n\u2022\tAnthropometric measurements for mother and child (same)\n\n\u2022\tChild morbidity and health seeking practices  (same)\n\n\u2022\tPost partum sexual activity (same)\n\n\u2022\tPostpartum contraceptive use (same)\n\n\u2022\tFuture intentions (same)\n\n\u2022\tPerception of HIV risk and condom use (same)\n\n\u2022\tExposure calendar (same)\n\n\u2022\tMigration and poverty (same)\n\n\n\n\n\nUPDATE 4 (Fifth Visit)\n\n\n\nData Collected (comparing update 4 to update 3 questionnaires)\n\n\n\n\u2022\tConsent (same)\n\n\u2022\tBackground characteristics (same)\n\n\u2022\tChild's vital health Status (same)\n\n\u2022\tAnthropometric measurements for mother and child (same)\n\n\u2022\tChild morbidity and health seeking practices  (same)\n\n\u2022\tPost partum sexual activity (same)\n\n\u2022\tPostpartum contraceptive use (same)\n\n\u2022\tFuture intentions (same)\n\n\u2022\tPerception of HIV risk and condom use (same)\n\n\u2022\tExposure calendar (same)\n\n\u2022\tMigration and poverty (same)\n\n\n\n\n\nUPDATE 5 (Sixth Visit)\n\n\n\nData Collected (comparing update 5 to update 4 questionnaires)\n\n\n\n\u2022\tConsent (same)\n\n\u2022\tBackground characteristics (same)\n\n\u2022\tChild's vital health Status (same)\n\n\u2022\tAnthropometric measurements for mother and child (same)\n\n\u2022\tChild morbidity and health seeking practices  (same)\n\n\u2022\tPost partum sexual activity (same)\n\n\u2022\tPostpartum contraceptive use (same)\n\n\u2022\tFuture intentions (same)\n\n\u2022\tPerception of HIV risk and condom use (same)\n\n\u2022\tExposure calendar (same)\n\n\u2022\tMigration and poverty (same)\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nUPDATE 6 (Seventh Visit)\n\n\n\nData Collected (comparing update 6 to update 5 questionnaires)\n\n\n\nSAME\n\n\n\n\n\nUPDATE 7 (Eight Visit)\n\n\n\nData Collected (comparing update 7 to update 6 questionnaires)\n\n\n\nSAME\n\n\n\n\n\nUPDATE 8 (Nineth Visit)\n\n\n\nData Collected (comparing update 8 to update 7 questionnaires)\n\n\n\nSAME\n\n\n\n\n\nUPDATE 9 (Tenth Visit)\n\n\n\nData Collected (comparing update 9 to update 8 questionnaires)\n\n\n\nSAME","weight":"Sample weights were not used.","cleaning_operations":"Data editing took place at a number of stages throughout the processing, including:\n\na) Office editing and coding\n\nb) During data entry\n\nc) Structure checking and completeness\n\nd) Secondary editing\n\n\n\nDetailed documentation of the editing of data can be found in the \"Standard Procedures Manual\" document provided as an external resource.\n\n\n\nSome corrections are made automatically by the program (80%) and  the rest by visual control of the questionnaire (20%).","method_notes":"Data entry for the first five rounds of data collection was performed manually at APHRC's headquarters on desktop computers using an in-house built system with a Visual Basic.Net front-end and a Microsoft SQL Server back-end. For the last 3 rounds data collection was done using netbooks.  Double data entry was carried out on 10% of the questionnaires. \n\n\n\nData were processed in clusters (cohort and updates), with each cluster being processed as a complete unit through each stage of data processing.  Each cluster goes through the following steps:\n\n1) Questionnaire reception\n\n2) Office editing and coding\n\n3) Data entry\n\n4) Structure and completeness checking\n\n5) Verification entry\n\n6) Comparison of verification data\n\n7) Back up of raw data\n\n8) Secondary editing\n\n9) Edited data back up\n\n\n\nAfter all clusters are processed, all data is concatenated together and then the following steps are completed for all data files:\n\n10) Exported to STATA\n\n11) Recoding of variables needed for analysis\n\n13) Structural checking of STATA files\n\n14) Data quality tabulations\n\n15) Production of analysis tabulations\n\n \n\nDetails of each of these steps can be found in the Standard Procedures Manual."},"analysis_info":{"sampling_error_estimates":"No estimation of sampling error was done."}},"data_access":{"dataset_use":{"conf_dec":[{"txt":"Details are included in the document: Data Use Agreement Guidelines for Internal\/External Users (External Resources)","required":"yes","form_no":"","uri":""}],"contact":[{"name":"Head Statistics and Surveys Unit","affiliation":"APHRC","email":"info@aphrc.org","uri":"www.aphrc.org"}],"cit_req":"African Population & Health Research Center, Monitoring and assessing the impact of vaccinations and other childhood interventions for both boys and girls, February 2015. APHRC, Nairobi, Kenya. doi:11239\/176-2014-028-1.1","deposit_req":"The user should submit electronic and paper copies of all publications generated using APHRC data to the Policy Engagement and Communications Department, with copies to the Director of Research","conditions":"All non-APHRC staff seeking to use data generated at the Center must obtain written approval to use the data from the Director of Research. This form is developed to assess applications for data use and facilitate responsible sharing of data with external partners\/collaborators\/researchers. By entering into this agreement, the undersigned agrees to use these data only for the purpose for which they were obtained (as outlined on this form) and to abide by the conditions outlined below:\n\n1.\tData Ownership: The data remain the property of APHRC; any unauthorized reproduction and sharing of the data is strictly prohibited. The user will, therefore, not release nor permit others to use or release the data to any other person without the written authorization from the Center.\n\n2.\tPurpose: The provided data must be used for the purpose specified in the Data Request Form; any other use not specified in the form must receive additional or separate authorization.\n\n3.\tRespondent Identifiers: The Center is committed to protecting the identity of the respondents who provide information in its research. All analytical data sets (both qualitative and quantitative) released by the Data Unit MUST are stripped of respondent identifiers to protect the identity of the respondents. By accepting to use APHRC data, the user is pledging that he\/she will not, under any circumstance, regenerate the identifiers or permit others to use the data to learn the identity of any individual, household or community included in any data set.\n\n4.\tConfidentiality pledge: The user will not use nor permit others to use the data to report any information in the data sets that could identify, directly or by inference, individuals or households.\n\n5.\tReporting of errors or inconsistencies: The user will promptly notify the Head of the Statistics and Survey Unit any errors discovered in the data as soon as the errors are discovered.\n\n6.\tPublications resulting from APHRC data: The Center requires external collaborators to work with APHRC staff on all publications resulting from its data. In order to facilitate this, lead authors should send a detailed concept note of the paper (including the background, rationale, data, analytical methods, and preliminary findings) to the Principle Investigator (or Theme Leader) for the project (with a copy to the Director of Research), who will circulate the abstract to concerned researchers for possible expression of interest in participating in the publication as co-authors. Any exception to the involvement of APHRC staff should be approved by the Director of Research, APHRC.\n\n7.\tSecurity: The user will take responsibility for the security of the data by ensuring that the data are used and stored in a secure environment where access is password protected. This will ensure that non-authorized people should not have access to the data.\n\n8.\tLoss of privilege to use data: In the event that APHRC determines that the data user is in violation of the conditions for using the data, or if the user wishes to cancel this agreement, the user will destroy the data files provided to him\/her. APHRC retains the right to revoke this agreement or informs publishers to withhold publication of any work based wholly or in part on its data if the conditions for using the data are violated.\n\n9.\tAcknowledgement: Any work\/reports from this data must acknowledge APHRC as the source of these data. For example, the suggested acknowledgement for NUHDSS data is: \n\n\"This research uses livelihoods data collected under the longitudinal Nairobi Urban Health and Demographic Surveillance System (NUHDSS) since 2006. The NUHDSS is carried out by the African Population and Health Research Center in two slums settlements (Korogocho and Viwandani) in Nairobi City.\"\n\nAdditionally all funders, the study communities that provided the data, and staff who collected and analyzed or processed the data should be acknowledged.\n\n10.\tDeposit of Reports\/Papers: The user should submit electronic and paper copies of all publications generated using APHRC data to the Policy Engagement and Communications Department, with copies to the Director of Research.\n\n11.\tChange of contact details: The user will promptly inform the Director of Research of any change in your personal details as contained on this data request form.","disclaimer":"The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses."}}}}