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Kenya Multisite Integrated Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 and other Pathogens, KEMIS II

Kenya, 2022
Health and Well-Being (HaW)
Dr. Abdhalah Ziraba
Last modified August 10, 2023 Page views 75262 Documentation in PDF Metadata DDI/XML JSON

Identification

IDNO
KEN-APHRC-KEMIS2-2022-v1
Title
Kenya Multisite Integrated Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 and other Pathogens, KEMIS II
Subtitle
KEMIS II
Country
Name Country code
Kenya KEN
Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) emphasizes the relevance of ongoing surveillance in order to achieve global objectives of ending the COVID-19 crisis and its impact. Surveillance plays a crucial role in understanding the pandemic's progression, identifying risk factors for severe illness, and assessing the effects of vaccination and other public health measures. Health and Demographic Surveillance Sites (HDSS) have provided insights into the extent of cumulative infections in Kenya's general population. Previous surveys showed that SARS-CoV-2 infections were widespread in the general population, but with some regional variations. This report presents findings from the third serosurvey conducted between September and December 2022 among residents of two informal settlements in Nairobi - Korogocho and Viwandani - using the Nairobi Urban Health and Demographic Surveillance System (NUHDSS) run by APHRC as the sampling frame from which a random sample of participants is drawn. Similar surveys were also carried out in Kisumu, Kilifi, Siaya, and Kibera in Nairobi.

Version

Version Date
2023-08-09
Version Notes
This is the first complete version.

Scope

Keywords
Keyword
Serosurveillance
General population
Antibodies
COVID-19 vaccine

Coverage

Geographic Coverage
National Coverage
Unit of Analysis
This study analyzed data from blood samples from individual respondents who are residents of Korogocho and Viwandani.
Universe
The survey covered all the NUHDSS household members (usual residents) from Nairobi (Korogocho and Viwandani).

Producers and sponsors

Authoring entity/Primary investigators
Agency Name Affiliation
Dr. Abdhalah Ziraba APHRC
Producers
Name Role
Maurine Ng'oda Project implementation
Anne Njeri Data management
Salma Musa Community liason
Funding Agency/Sponsor
Name Abbreviation Role
Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation BMGF Funder
Other Identifications/Acknowledgments
Name Affiliation Role
KEMRI Wellcome Trust- Kilifi team KWTRP Collaborators
Korogocho and Viwandani administration Community Sensitization and community mobilization
Community Koch FM and Reuben FM Media Sensitization and community mobilization
Residents of Korogocho and Viwandani Community Study participants
Community field team APHRC Data collection

Sampling

Sampling Procedure
This study was conducted on a randomly selected population of 850 adults and children living within the health and demographic surveillance system area (HDSS) run by APHRC. We used the Nairobi Urban Health and Demographic Surveillance System (NUHDSS) database as the sampling frame. We collected a single blood sample from each participant (5ml from adults and 2ml from children) and analysed for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.
Deviations from the Sample Design
There were no deviations from the sample design.
Response Rate
100%
Weighting
NA

Data Collection

Dates of Data Collection (YYYY/MM/DD)
Start date End date
2022-03-08 2022-06-23
Mode of data collection
Face-to-face [f2f]
Supervision
The data was collected by a team of 12 field staff - including 9 field interviewers, 1 coordinator and 2 lab Techs. This team was coordinated by a reseach officer. Overal oversight for the project was provided by the PI. The Field interviewers were divided into mobilizers (who conducted consenting at household level) and interviewers who conducted interviews at the site office. Lab activities were conducted by the Lab Technologists.
Type of Research Instrument
The study used a participants' questionnaire (SARS COV-2 Sero-survey - Questionnaire) to collect information from the participants. The questionnaire was developed in English, and translated to swahili. Information captured in the questionnaire included:
Sociodemographic information: Participants name, education, religion, age, gender, place of residence.
Health information: Access to prevention services, risk of exposure to COVID 19, outmigration and inmigration information, vaccination status of children participants, COVID-19 vaccination, laboratory information including blood sample collection and blood grouping. Data collection was conducted electronicallay. Participants were assigned unique numbers which were used to label blood samples.

Data Processing

Cleaning Operations
There was no data entry because the study questionnaire was uploaded to an online platform. Discrepancies realized in the generated database were resolved through concensus in data review meetings. Consultations were made with the PI and the larger KEMRI team on a needs basis.
Other Processing
The blood Samples were centrifuged and serum separated onsite, stored at -80°C at the main lab for later shipment to the Kilifi Wellcome Trust Research Program (KWTRP) laboratories for COVID-19 IgM and IgG antibody analysis.

Data Appraisal

Estimates of Sampling Error
For each HDSS location, the population register was used to select a random sample of residents across all age groups targeting 850 persons in an age-stratified sample of 50 in each 5-year age band between 15-64 years and above and 100 in 5-year band from 0-14 years. This target sample size wouldl yield 300 participants <15 years which would be enough to estimate 1% seroprevalence with a 2% margin of error. It would also give 550 participants in the 15-64-year-age group which would be enough to estimate a seroprevalence of 3-5% with <5% error margin.

Data access

Contact
Name Affiliation Email URI
African Population and Health Research Center APHRC info@aphrc.org www.aphrc.org
Conditions
APHRC data access condition
All non-APHRC staff seeking to use data generated at the Center must obtain written approval to use the data from the Director of Research. This form is developed to assess applications for data use and facilitate responsible sharing of data with external partners/ collaborators/researchers. By entering into this agreement, the undersigned agrees to use these data only for the purpose for which they were obtained and to abide by the conditions outlined below:

1.Data Ownership:
The data remain the property of APHRC; any unauthorized reproduction and sharing of the data is strictly prohibited. The user will, therefore, not release nor permit others to use or release the data to any other person without the written authorization from the Center.

2.Purpose:
The provided data must be used for the purpose specified in the Data Request Form; any other use not specified in the form must receive additional or separate authorization.

3.Respondent Identifiers:
The Center is committed to protecting the identity of the respondents who provide information in its research. All analytical data sets (both qualitative and quantitative) released by the Data Unit MUST are stripped of respondent identifiers to protect the identity of the respondents. By accepting to use APHRC data, the user is pledging that he/she will not, under any circumstance, regenerate the identifiers or permit others to use the data to learn the identity of any individual, household or community included in any data set.

4.Confidentiality pledge:
The user will not use nor permit others to use the data to report any information in the data sets that could identify, directly or by inference, individuals or households.

5.Reporting of errors or inconsistencies:
The user will promptly notify the Head of the Statistics and Survey Unit any errors discovered in the data as soon as the errors are discovered.

6.Publications resulting from APHRC data:
The Center requires external collaborators to work with APHRC staff on all publications resulting from its data. In order to facilitate this, lead authors should send a detailed concept note of the paper (including the background, rationale, data, analytical methods, and preliminary findings) to the Principle Investigator (or Theme Leader) for the project (with a copy to the Director of Research), who will circulate the abstract to concerned researchers for possible expression of interest in participating in the publication as co-authors. Any exception to the involvement of APHRC staff should be approved by the Director of Research, APHRC.

7.Security:
The user will take responsibility for the security of the data by ensuring that the data are used and stored in a secure environment where access is password protected. This will ensure that non-authorized people should not have access to the data.

8.Loss of privilege to use data:
In the event that APHRC determines that the data user is in violation of the conditions for using the data, or if the user wishes to cancel this agreement, the user will destroy the data files provided to him/her. APHRC retains the right to revoke this agreement or informs publishers to withhold publication of any work based wholly or in part on its data if the conditions for using the data are violated.

9.Acknowledgement:
Any work/reports from this data must acknowledge APHRC as the source of these data. For example, the suggested acknowledgement for NUHDSS data is: "This research uses livelihoods data collected under the longitudinal Nairobi Urban Health and Demographic Surveillance System (NUHDSS) since 2006. The NUHDSS is carried out by the African Population and Health Research Center in two slums settlements (Korogocho and Viwandani) in Nairobi City."Additionally all funders, the study communities that provided the data, and staff who collected and analyzed or processed the data should be acknowledged.

10.Deposit of Reports/Papers:
The user should submit electronic and paper copies of all publications generated using APHRC data to the Policy Engagement and Communications Department, with copies to the Director of Research.

11.Change of contact details:
The user will promptly inform the Director of Research of any change in your personal details as contained on this data request form.
Citation requirement
Use of the dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include:
- the Identification of the Primary Investigator
- the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation)
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download

Metadata production

Document ID
KEN-APHRC-KEMIS2-2022-v1
Producers
Name Abbreviation Role
African Population and Health Research Centre APHRC Project implementation
Date of Production
2023-08-09
Document version
Version 1.0 (August 2023).