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Population_Dynamics_and_Urbanization_in_Africa

UPHD - Maternal and child health project

KENYA, 2007 - 2010
Population Dynamics and Urbanization in Africa (PDAU)
African Population & Health Research Center
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Identification

IDNO
APHRC-UPHD-MATERNAL-AND-CHILD-HEALTH-2007-1.1
Title
UPHD - Maternal and child health project
Translated Title
ENGLISH
Country
Name Country code
KENYA KEN
Abstract
Maternal and Child Health Project (MCH)



The Maternal and Child health project is made up of two components; the Maternal and the Child components. The project is investigating all children born in the NUHDSS since September 2006 and their mothers, for a minimum of three years. Visits are made to the eligible households every four months. The main objectives of the study are:



Study Objectives



Child Health Component



1. To examine the effect of migration, poverty, household composition, and environmental factors on morbidity and mortality of under-five children living in informal settlements

2. To investigate patterns of malnutrition, morbidity and mortality; main diseases and causes of death among neonates, infants and children

3. To examine the effect of environmental factors on under-five childhood morbidity, health-seeking behaviour (e.g. immunization, treatment of illnesses), and mortality

4. To determine how mothers (caretakers) overcome or mitigate adverse environment exposures



Maternal Health Component



1. To examine maternal health outcomes and postpartum reproductive and sexual behaviour and how these are affected by poverty and migration status,

2. To investigate the socioeconomic and service-related factors associated with use of MH services and the direct and indirect pathways of the determinants of adverse pregnancy outcomes

3. To examine patterns of sexual and contraceptive behaviour among postpartum women and how these are linked to reproductive intentions and HIV risk perception



Methods



• The project follows up all children born in the DSS area since September 2006 and their mothers, for a period of 4 years (Jan 2007 - Dec 2010)

• We administer structured questionnaires to the eligible children's mothers or their guardians to collect information on morbidity, health seeking behavior, cause of death (for those who have died)

• We collect anthropometric measurements from all children every round to monitor nutritional status and growth

• Through the NUHDSS and the questionnaires for the MCH projects, we collect socioeconomic, demographic, migration and pregnancy outcome data for all the mothers and their households



Data Collected



• Background characteristics

• Antenatal care, delivery and post natal care

• Birth histories for the mothers

• Child's vital health Status

• Breastfeeding and child feeding practices

• Anthropometric measurements for children

• Vaccination history

• Child morbidity and health seeking practices

• Post partum sexual activity

• Postpartum contraceptive use
Kind of Data
Sample survey data [ssd]

Version

Version number
v1.0: Edited, anonymous dataset for Data Documentation Working Group
Version Date
2011-10-15
Version Notes
Version 1.1, November 2014. Anonymized datasets, with DOI and Recommended Citation added.

Scope

Keywords
Keyword
Maternal Health
Child Health

Coverage

Geographic Coverage
Two informal settlements, Korogocho and Viwandani, in Nairobi City (the capital city) of Kenya.
Unit of Analysis
The unit of analysis is the Child
Universe
The survey covered all mothers who gave birth from september 2006 in the DSA

Producers and sponsors

Authoring entity/Primary investigators
Agency Name Affiliation
African Population & Health Research Center APHRC
Funding Agency/Sponsor
Name Role
Wellcome Trust Funder
Other Identifications/Acknowledgments
Name Role
Residents of Korogocho and Viwandani Slums Study Subjects

Sampling

Sampling Procedure
All NUHDSS female members who gave birth since September 2006 and their children were enrolled in the study. No samples were drawn.
Response Rate
540 children were recruited at first recruitment
Weighting
Sample weights were not used.

Data Collection

Dates of Data Collection (YYYY/MM/DD)
Start date End date
2007-02-01 2010-12-31
Mode of data collection
Face-to-face [f2f]
Type of Research Instrument
DATA COLLECTION



Once recruited into the study, the mother and child are followed up every 4 months



QUESTIONNAIRES



A recruitment questionnaire is administered during the first visit, an update 1 questionnaire is administered during the first follow up visit, update 2 during the second follow up visit and so on. the content of the questionnaires keep changing from recruitment questionnaire to the subsequent follow up visits. but from update 3 onward the questionnaires are the same as documented below;



RECRUITMENT (First Visit)



Data Collected



• Consent (from cohort 2)

• Background characteristics

• Antenatal care, delivery and post natal care

• Birth histories for the mothers

• Child's vital health Status (from cohort 2 onwards)

• Breastfeeding and child feeding practices (questions 5.18, 5.19, 5.20 added from cohort 3)

• Anthropometric measurements for children (from cohort 5 we started taking mother's height)

• Vaccination history

• Child morbidity and health seeking practices

• Post partum sexual activity

• Postpartum contraceptive use

• Future intentions (questions 10.2p, 10.2q, 10.2r, 10.2s, 10.5p, 10.5q, 10.5r, 10.5s were added from cohort 4 onwards)

• Perception of HIV risk and condom use

• Migration and poverty (from cohort 5 onwards)

• Exposure calendar (all cohorts)



UPDATE 1 (Second Visit)



Data Collected (comparing update 1 to recruitment questionnaires)



• Consent (same)

• Background characteristics (same)

• OBA voucher questions (new questions added-from Cohort 2 onwards)

• Child's vital health Status (question 4.10 dropped)

• Breastfeeding and child feeding practices (questions 5.18, 5.19, 5.20 added from cohort cohort 2)

• Anthropometric measurements for children (from cohort 4 we started taking mother's height)

• Vaccination history (same)

• Child morbidity and health seeking practices (same)

• Post partum sexual activity (question 8.1p added, questions 8.2 dropped)

• Postpartum contraceptive use (questions 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.7p, 9.8, 9.9, 9.10 dropped)

• Future intentions (only question 10.6 remained, apart from cohort 1 where questions 10.2, 10.3, 10.4, 10.5, 10.6, 10.7, 10.8, 10.10, 10.11, 10.2p, 10.2q, 10.2r, 10.2s, 10.5p, 10.5q, 10.5r, 10.5s were asked )



• Perception of HIV risk and condom use (only questions 11.8, 11.9 remains)

• Exposure calendar (all cohorts) (same)

• Migration and poverty (from cohort 4 onwards , questions 15.1, 15.2, 15.3 dropped)





UPDATE 2 (Third Visit)



Data Collected (comparing update 2 to update 1 questionnaires)



• Consent (same)

• Background characteristics (same)

• OBA voucher questions (questions remained for cohort 1 only (they were not asked during update 1))

• Child's vital health Status (same)

• Breastfeeding and child feeding practices (questions 5.18, 5.19 dropped)

• Anthropometric measurements for children (from cohort 2 we started taking mother's height)

• Vaccination history (same)

• Child morbidity and health seeking practices (same)

• Post partum sexual activity (same)

• Postpartum contraceptive use (same)

• Future intentions (same)

• Perception of HIV risk and condom use (same)

• Exposure calendar (same)

• Migration and poverty (from cohort 3 onwards ,same)





UPDATE 3 (Fourth Visit)



Data Collected (comparing update 3 to update 2 questionnaires)



• Consent (same)

• Background characteristics (same)

• Child's vital health Status (same)

• Anthropometric measurements for children (from cohort 2 we started taking mother's height)

• Child morbidity and health seeking practices (same)

• Post partum sexual activity (same)

• Postpartum contraceptive use (same)

• Future intentions (same)

• Perception of HIV risk and condom use (same)

• Exposure calendar (same)

• Migration and poverty (from cohort 1 onwards ,same)





UPDATE 4 (Fifth Visit)



Data Collected (comparing update 4 to update 3 questionnaires)



• Consent (same)

• Background characteristics (same)

• Child's vital health Status (same)

• Anthropometric measurements for children (from cohort 1 we started taking mother's height)

• Child morbidity and health seeking practices (same)

• Post partum sexual activity (same)

• Postpartum contraceptive use (same)

• Future intentions (same)

• Perception of HIV risk and condom use (same)

• Exposure calendar (same)

• Migration and poverty (same)





UPDATE 5 (Sixth Visit)



Data Collected (comparing update 5 to update 4 questionnaires)



• Consent (same)

• Background characteristics (same)

• Child's vital health Status (same)

• Anthropometric measurements for children (same)

• Child morbidity and health seeking practices (same)

• Post partum sexual activity (same)

• Postpartum contraceptive use (same)

• Future intentions (same)

• Perception of HIV risk and condom use (same)

• Exposure calendar (same)

• Migration and poverty (same)







UPDATE 6 (Seventh Visit)



Data Collected (comparing update 6 to update 5 questionnaires)



SAME





UPDATE 7 (Eight Visit)



Data Collected (comparing update 7 to update 6 questionnaires)



SAME





UPDATE 8 (Nineth Visit)



Data Collected (comparing update 8 to update 7 questionnaires)



SAME





UPDATE 9 (Tenth Visit)



Data Collected (comparing update 9 to update 8 questionnaires)



SAME
Data Collectors
Name Abbreviation
African Population & Health Research Center APHRC

Data Processing

Cleaning Operations
Data editing took place at a number of stages throughout the processing, including:

a) Office editing and coding

b) During data entry

c) Structure checking and completeness

d) Secondary editing



Detailed documentation of the editing of data can be found in the "Standard Procedures Manual" document provided as an external resource.



Some corrections are made automatically by the program (80%) and the rest by visual control of the questionnaire (20%).
Other Processing
Data entry was performed manually at APHRC's headquarters on desktop computers and was done using an in-house built system with a Visual Basic.Net front-end and a Microsoft SQL Server back-end. Double data entry was carried out on 10% of the questionnaires.



Data were processed in clusters, with each cluster being processed as a complete unit through each stage of data processing. Each cluster goes through the following steps:

1) Questionnaire reception

2) Office editing and coding

3) Data entry

4) Structure and completeness checking

5) Verification entry

6) Comparison of verification data

7) Back up of raw data

8) Secondary editing

9) Edited data back up



After all clusters are processed, all data is concatenated together and then the following steps are completed for all data files:

10) Export to STATA 10 in 3 files (MCH, MCH Illness, MCH Calendar)

11) Recoding of variables needed for analysis

13) Structural checking of STATA 10 files

14) Data quality tabulations

15) Production of analysis tabulations



Details of each of these steps can be found in the Standard Procedures Manual.

Data Appraisal

Estimates of Sampling Error
No estimation of sampling errors was done.

Data access

Contact
Name Email URI
African Population & Health Research Center info@aphrc.org www.aphrc.org
Confidentiality Declaration
Details are included in the document: Data Use Agreement Guidelines for Internal/External Users (External Resources)
Conditions
All non-APHRC staff seeking to use data generated at the Center must obtain written approval to use the data from the Director of Research. This form is developed to assess applications for data use and facilitate responsible sharing of data with external partners/collaborators/researchers. By entering into this agreement, the undersigned agrees to use these data only for the purpose for which they were obtained and to abide by the conditions outlined below:

1. Data Ownership: The data remain the property of APHRC; any unauthorized reproduction and sharing of the data is strictly prohibited. The user will, therefore, not release nor permit others to use or release the data to any other person without the written authorization from the Center.

2. Purpose: The provided data must be used for the purpose specified in the Data Request Form; any other use not specified in the form must receive additional or separate authorization.

3. Respondent Identifiers: The Center is committed to protecting the identity of the respondents who provide information in its research. All analytical data sets (both qualitative and quantitative) released by the Data Unit MUST are stripped of respondent identifiers to protect the identity of the respondents. By accepting to use APHRC data, the user is pledging that he/she will not, under any circumstance, regenerate the identifiers or permit others to use the data to learn the identity of any individual, household or community included in any data set.

4. Confidentiality pledge: The user will not use nor permit others to use the data to report any information in the data sets that could identify, directly or by inference, individuals or households.

5. Reporting of errors or inconsistencies: The user will promptly notify the Head of the Statistics and Survey Unit any errors discovered in the data as soon as the errors are discovered.

6. Publications resulting from APHRC data: The Center requires external collaborators to work with APHRC staff on all publications resulting from its data. In order to facilitate this, lead authors should send a detailed concept note of the paper (including the background, rationale, data, analytical methods, and preliminary findings) to the Principle Investigator (or Theme Leader) for the project (with a copy to the Director of Research), who will circulate the abstract to concerned researchers for possible expression of interest in participating in the publication as co-authors. Any exception to the involvement of APHRC staff should be approved by the Director of Research, APHRC.

7. Security: The user will take responsibility for the security of the data by ensuring that the data are used and stored in a secure environment where access is password protected. This will ensure that non-authorized people should not have access to the data.

8. Loss of privilege to use data: In the event that APHRC determines that the data user is in violation of the conditions for using the data, or if the user wishes to cancel this agreement, the user will destroy the data files provided to him/her. APHRC retains the right to revoke this agreement or informs publishers to withhold publication of any work based wholly or in part on its data if the conditions for using the data are violated.

9. Acknowledgement: Any work/reports from this data must acknowledge APHRC as the source of these data. For example, the suggested acknowledgement for NUHDSS data is:

“This research uses livelihoods data collected under the longitudinal Nairobi Urban Health and Demographic Surveillance System (NUHDSS) since 2006. The NUHDSS is carried out by the African Population and Health Research Center in two slums settlements (Korogocho and Viwandani) in Nairobi City.”

Additionally all funders, the study communities that provided the data, and staff who collected and analyzed or processed the data should be acknowledged.

10. Deposit of Reports/Papers: The user should submit electronic and paper copies of all publications generated using APHRC data to the Policy Engagement and Communications Department, with copies to the Director of Research.

11. Change of contact details: The user will promptly inform the Director of Research of any change in your personal details as contained on this data request form.
Citation requirement
African Population & Health Research Center, Maternal and child health Survey, October 2011. APHRC, Nairobi - Kenya. doi:11239/176-2007-018-1.1

Contacts

Contact
Name Affiliation Email URI
Head, Statistics and Survey Unit African Population & Health Research Center datarequests@aphrc.org www.aphrc.org

Metadata production

Document ID
APHRC-UPHD-MATERNAL-AND-CHILD-HEALTH-2007-1.1
Producers
Name Abbreviation Affiliation Role
African Population & Health Research Center APHRC APHRC Metadata Producer
Date of Production
2011-10-28
Document version
Version 1.1